How does a wastewater treatment plant work?Ī wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), receives and treats municipal and industrial wastewater.Considering Environmental Justice When Designing and Implementing an RNG Project (pdf) (371.Renewable Natural Gas: Facility Operation Best Practices (pdf) (4.37 MB, 2022).An Introduction to Renewable Natural Gas (pdf) (265.64 KB, 2022).For facilities that are not already required to mitigate such emissions, an RNG project can reduce methane emissions significantly. Methane has a global warming potential at least 28 times greater than CO 2 and a relatively short (12-year) atmospheric life, so reducing these emissions can achieve near-term beneficial impacts in mitigating global climate change. RNG projects capture and recover methane produced at a landfill or anaerobic digestion (AD) facility. RNG is comprised primarily of methane compared to fossil natural gas, RNG contains zero to very low levels of constituents, such as ethane, propane, butane, pentane or other trace hydrocarbons. Replacing traditional diesel or gasoline with RNG can significantly reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, resulting in local air quality benefits. These financial incentives can provide additional economic drivers for project development. National, state and local incentives may be available depending on the end use, such as credits for production of RNG used for vehicle fuel. The development of RNG projects can benefit the local economy through the construction of RNG processing and fueling station infrastructure and sale of natural gas-powered vehicles. Biogas feedstocks for RNG are generated continuously from a variety of sources. It leverages existing infrastructure such as pipelines and heavy-duty vehicles. RNG can be used as a baseload fuel source with high availability rates. Use of RNG increases and diversifies domestic energy production. Use of RNG can provide benefits in terms of fuel security, economic revenues or savings, local air quality and greenhouse gas emission reductions. LMOP Landfill and Landfill Gas Energy Project Database.This map shows operational RNG projects in the United States where the biogas is generated from landfills or livestock waste anaerobic digesters. Diagrams of RNG Sources, Gas Treatment and End UsesĬlick on a thumbnail image to see the full-sized diagram.īiogas from a variety of sources is being upgraded into RNG across the United States. This description has been developed by EPA’s voluntary programs. *RNG is a “term of art” and there is not at present a standard definition. View and use pertinent biogas-related tools and resources in EPA’s Biogas Toolkit. Read more about RNG in EPA’s resource An Overview of Renewable Natural Gas from Biogas. Typically, RNG injected into a natural gas pipeline has a methane content between 96 and 98 percent. Once upgraded, the gas has a methane content of 90 percent or greater. Treatment includes removing moisture, carbon dioxide (CO 2) and trace level contaminants (including siloxanes, volatile organic compounds, or VOCs, and hydrogen sulfide), as well as reducing the nitrogen and oxygen content. Raw biogas has a methane content between 45 and 65 percent, depending on the source of the feedstock, and must go through a series of steps to be converted into RNG. RNG can be used locally at the site where the gas is created or it can be injected into natural gas transmission or distribution pipelines. Show/Hide Data RNG Projects Operating by Year Year Landfill and Agriculture RNG Projects in the United States (2005-2022) The biogas used to produce RNG comes from a variety of sources, including municipal solid waste landfills, digesters at water resource recovery facilities (wastewater treatment plants), livestock farms, food production facilities and organic waste management operations.Īs a substitute for natural gas, RNG has many end uses: that has been upgraded for use in place of fossil natural gas. The principal constituents are methane and carbon dioxide. Renewable natural gas (RNG)* is a term used to describe biogas biogasGas resulting from the decomposition of organic matter under anaerobic conditions.
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